A singer and songwriter known for both candid lyrics and a catchy yet volatile version of indie rock, Mitski is short for Mitski Miyawaki. A onetime music major, her first two records were school projects. Her label debut, the more emotionally charged Bury Me at Makeout Creek, saw her picking up a guitar for the first time in 2014. Mitski's itinerant childhood and themes of identity and belonging factored into that album and songs such as "Your Best American Girl," a streaming hit from her 2016 LP, Puberty 2. The latter album marked her Top 20 debuts on Billboard's independent and alternative charts. She landed on the Billboard 200 for the first time with 2018's Be the Cowboy. The both plaintive and self-motivating songs of 2022's Top Five-charting Laurel Hell opted for sleeker surfaces reminiscent of '80s pop. She made a U-turn, accompaniment-wise, on the next year's acoustic- and country-flavored The Land Is Inhospitable and So Are We, which incorporated an orchestra and choir on some songs. It produced an international Top 40 hit in "My Love Mine All Mine."

Born in Japan to an American father and Japanese mother, Miyawaki grew up moving between no fewer than 13 countries on multiple continents before eventually settling in New York City for college. She had just begun writing songs soon after getting her high school diploma in Turkey (her earliest completed song, "Bag of Bones," appeared on her first album). After enrolling at New York's Hunter College to study film, she decided to pursue music instead and transferred to SUNY Purchase. It was there that Mitski made her first two records, 2012's piano-based LUSH and 2013's Retired from Sad, New Career in Business, her junior and senior school projects. The second album was an ambitious one that made use of a 60-piece student orchestra. The projects, combined with completing her degree while working outside jobs, left Mitski exhausted, a state that heavily influenced Bury Me at Makeout Creek. Unlike her previous albums, it was recorded mostly in makeshift home studios with friends. It also represented a move away from her classical piano background, exchanging it for raw, impulsive guitar. Bury Me at Makeout Creek was released on Double Double Whammy in 2014.

In late 2015, Mitski signed with the independent label Dead Oceans, which released Puberty 2 in June 2016. Featuring the streaming hit "Your Best American Girl," the album was supported by a North American and European tour that kicked off at the SXSW festival in Austin, Texas. Puberty 2 went on to receive widespread critical acclaim, placing in the Top 25 of year-end lists by publications such as Rolling Stone, SPIN, and Entertainment Weekly. It also found commercial success, landing on Billboard's alternative, rock, independent, and Heatseekers albums charts. She followed it in 2018 with Be the Cowboy, her third straight album with producer Patrick Hyland. Less personal than Puberty 2, it explored a domestic female persona with a still intimate and turbulent approach. That album not only reached the Top Ten of Billboard's alternative, rock, and independent album charts, it peaked at number 52 on the Billboard 200. Be the Cowboy also charted in the Top 100 in Canada, the U.K., and Ireland.

Mitski switched gears following extensive touring to close the decade, writing a score (and songs) for the graphic novel This Is Where We Fall. A cassette release by Z2 Comics was packaged with the novel in mid-2021. In the meantime, Mitski contributed the song "Cop Car" to the soundtrack for the horror film The Turning (2020), where she appeared alongside artists like Courtney Love, Warpaint, and girl in red. The Hyland-produced Laurel Hell followed in February 2022 with isolation-themed songs sporting arrangements rooted in synthesizers and electric piano. It debuted at number five on the Billboard 200. She recorded her next album, September 2023's The Land Is Inhospitable and So Are We, with Hyland in East Nashville and Los Angeles. A contrast to Laurel Hell with cited influences spanning Ennio Morricone, Faron Young, and Arthur Russell, it was a mostly intimate, country-inflected outing featuring a judiciously employed orchestra and 17-piece choir. The ballad "My Love Mine All Mine" became her first Top 40 hit, reaching number 26 on the Hot 100 and charting in the Top Ten in the U.K., Ireland, and New Zealand. ~ Marcy Donelson